ΕΛ.ΑΣ’s plan to control the situation during the public march on Polytechnio Day is the introduction of tough measures, in particular in the area of st. Patission (Athens).
To maintain order, 5,000 police officers are expected to be involved. From Tuesday morning, 17/11/20, part of Patision Street (in front of the Polytechnic University) will be closed, but the adjacent streets will function as usual. Given that the demonstration was banned, the police will set up checkpoints not only on the roads leading to the university, but also in places where rallies can be held, for example, on pl. Omonia.
Mass checks of citizens are planned. Those who left the house without any special reason will face fines. However, if people still manage to get together at some point, police officers are allowed to disperse the rally (in terms of combating the spread of coronavirus). In addition, helicopters and police drones are reported to be deployed to maintain public order.
Polytechnio Day is annually “famous” for student performances and police operations. In Greece, this date is “celebrated” especially: on November 17, the country commemorates the memorable events that took place on this day in 1973 at the National Polytechnic University of Metsovio, as it falls on the day of student protests against the military junta of “black colonels”.
The date November 17 is a traditional political action with a Greek national subtext. Sometimes even a parallel is drawn between the Polytechnio and Happy Ohibecause both days are the result of a Greek protest against what they considered unacceptable for themselves. But if Ochi Day is a protest against an external enemy, then with Polytechnio everything is much more complicated. Then the Greeks attacked the Greeks, and 28 people were killed. In addition, 128 were seriously injured and more than 1000 went down in history as “victims”. However, these figures are approximate, the exact data on the victims in those days still remain a mystery.
How the Greeks used to celebrate this day
Festive events are held in schools at which children read poetry and draw pictures dedicated to this event. People of the older generation, remembering or taking part in the events of distant 1973, come to the “Polytechnio” building to pay tribute to the memory of the dead, or gather in a cafe, discussing the times of their youth. Students and their peers march through the streets of cities in Greece. But there is also a special category of people in Greece who celebrate this day with fights, pogroms and clashes with the police. In fact, not a single year has passed since 1974, when that day went without any incident.
Chronicle of events
November 14, 1973
Students of the city of Athens took over the Polytechnio. Their slogan is: BREAD – EDUCATION – FREEDOM – NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE (ΨΩΜΙ – ΠΑΙΔΕΙΑ – ΕΛΕΥΘΕΡΙΑ – ΕΘΝΙΚΗ ΑΝΕΞΑΡΤΗΣΙΑ). 19:00 – more than 1500 students decided to stay overnight at the Polytechnio.
A Coordinating Council was created from representatives of all faculties, which established control over the slogans, banning those that did not convey the actual demands of the students. Through horns and a small transmitter, the committee began transmitting the slogans of the rebellious students and began collecting food, medicine, etc. Tens of thousands of Athenians gathered around the university as support.
November 15, 1973
Students filled the courtyard and buildings of the Polytechnio, students from the city of Athens approached the university straight from their schools, bringing more and more food, medicine and other necessary things to the struggling students. The Coordination Council announced that the performance at the Polytechnio was anti-fascist and anti-imperialist.
A new transmitter went into operation, operating throughout Attica. All listeners were seized by unreasonable excitement and a sense of pride: “This is the Polytechnio! This is the Polytechnio speaking! On air student radio station of Greek freedom fighters. Down with the junta! Down with Papadopoulos! Americans out of the country! No to fascism! The junta will fall from the hands of the people … Everyone take to the streets, support us in the name of your freedom! “
In turn, students in Thessaloniki and Patras also occupied the university buildings. The peasants from Megara went to Athens. In the Athenian region of Aigaleo, revolutionary uprisings began, followed by Piraeus. All Greece sided with the students who rose to the fight.
November 16, 1973
More than 150,000 people lined up around the Polytechnio, chanting along with freedom-minded students: “Down with the junta, the junta will fall from the hands of the people!”
19:30 – The dictatorial government gives the order to strike at the mass of people standing around the Polytechnio. Tear bombs fell incessantly, creating an unbearable atmosphere. The people started lighting fires to neutralize the effect of the gas. Bullets whistled, slaying the first victims inside and outside the Polytechnio fence. People started building the barricades without retreating a single step.
24:00 – An army escorted by tanks entered Athens, occupying strategically important positions.
November 17, 1973
02:00 – tanks approached the Polytechnio building. “Soldiers, we are unarmed, we are brothers, do not shoot us! Join us!” – shouted the students.
03:00 – one of the tanks knocked down the iron gates of the Polytechnio, which the students climbed. The army and police entered the courtyard. Many students were arrested and taken to the military police, where they were tortured. Some soldiers defended the students, helping them escape. Street fighting continued around the Polytechnio until early morning.
11:00 – The power of the military is restored, but the student uprising at the Polytechnio marked the beginning of its end. The uprising of the people and the crime committed against the nation led to the overthrow of the dictatorship.
Since then, on this day, all students of the country honor the memory of their deceased comrades. And for the entire Greek people, November 17th became one of those sacred dates that characterize their steadfastness and steadfastness in the struggle for their freedom and independence.
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